CNC is a Computer Numerical Controller which reads machine code instructions in order to control a machine tool. In Lathe machines, it is used to spin a block of material in order to sand, cut, drill or finish to get the desired shape and size. After the invention of electric motors, lathes were turned to electric powered lathes. These lathes were then transformed to computer-controlled lathes in order to reduce costs and increase productivity.
Today’s lathe machine is made of a computer and controller that converts digital signal to actions. A software creates design that needs to be replicated physically on wood, metal etc. The work piece is then fitted on the chuck and rotated at required speeds. Speeds vary depending upon the type of material and task. Finished product is then obtained using computer controlling the cutting action of the lathe machine. Lathe machines can have multiple spindles in order to have multiple transformations on the product without reloading.
CNC lathes have three jaw hydraulic chucks. Raw material is holded with hard jaws or bored soft jaws. Collet chuck can be used in lathe machine for variable size. It can also eliminate the need of soft jaw boring for holding. One may need to change the draw bar connecting the actuator to the chuck while equipping a collet chuck.
Tungsten carbide, titanium carbide etc. are some of the materials used to cut through steel. Tool bits are sharpened or replaced after a certain period of time of their usage. CNC lathe machine requires a developer to make program commands for instructing the equipment. Though CNC lathe machine is faster, cost effective and more productive than traditional lathe machines but still a good operator is required for CNC lathe machines to keep a look at the operations.
Blueprint of an item to be created is taken and analyzed to program the cutting tools that are required. Programming is done in detail for all the three-dimensional moves. A careful review is done to ensure successful working of the program in live environment.
CNC lathe machines are used to drill holes in blocks of metal. These machines can also work on plastic and wood materials. These machines are used in engineering shops where products of everyday use are made. There are some places where traditional manual lathe machines are used even now because of need of craftsmanship to finish the product or low production volume.
CNC Lathe machines can provide high production volume with less efforts and less errors due to computer programming. These machines also ensure reduced inventory, reduced production time and reduced set up times along with quality control.
