Focal brain Injuries- Symptoms, causes and treatment

Focal brain injuries, as the name suggest; is an injury that is concentrated on one particular point of the brain. It falls under the category of Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs). The basic difference between diffuse anoxal and focal brain injury is that DAI is a life threatening injury whereas the focal brain injury is neither more nor less hazardous than the former. How much a victim has been affected will depend on the site of the injury, accessibility to health care facilities and to some extent, you have to be lucky in order to recover completely from this. These injuries are easier to predict because it affects one particular area. There is no guarantee for complete recovery. Some might recover within few months while some may have to fight for years to cope with it. There are various causes of Focal brain Injuries that you should know.

  • Blow to the head due to vehicular accidents, slip and fall accidents and violent assault.
  • Blood clot that prevents the supply of oxygen to the brain by blocking the pathways
  • Lesion in brains which prevents supply of blood to the brain region.

Different types of focal brain injuries

Focal injuries are primarily of two main types- closed and open. Closed injuries are those which take place due to strokes or blow to the head, whereas open injuries are one that takes place due to physical wounds or cuts. However, focal brain injuries are mainly of three types:-

  • Intracranial hemorrhages– compression and bleeding of the tissues of the brain
  • Intracerebral HemorrhageWear and tear of vessels inside the interiors of the skull
  • Hematoma- Accumulation of blood on the exterior of the blood vessel.

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Symptoms of focal brain injury:

As far as the symptoms are concerned, it will vary from one person to the other. However, if you are experiencing any one of them, you should immediately seek medical assistance. Though it is not possible to diagnose this injury based on the symptoms only, any kind of traumatic injuries should be brought to the attention of the medical professionals. Injury at one point can affect various other areas of the brain because all of them are interconnected. The symptoms include:

  • Difficulty concentration
  • Concentration problems
  • Mood changes
  • Anxiety or depression
  • Slurred speech
  • Intense headache
  • Vision problems
  • Limpness/Numbness

Treatment or prognosis:

It is possible to recover from focal brain injuries but the treatment will depend on a multitude of factors which needs to be considered. For example, accessibility to best healthcares, quality of care given, severity of the injury and how much prepared you are to continue with the therapies. Different treatments will be needed like physical therapies, occupational therapies, psychotherapies etc. The main aim of therapies is to allow your brain in a new way to perform the old tasks. So, it is important to bring about changes in diet and lifestyle for stress management.

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